Cancer Vaccines
A cancer vaccine is a vaccine that either treats existing cancer or prevents development of cancer. Vaccines that treat current cancer are known as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Many of the vaccines are "autologous", being prepared from samples taken from the patient, and are specific to that patient.
Some researcher’s privilege that cancerous cells routinely arise and are demolished by the immune system (immunosurveillance); and that tumors form when the immune system fails to abolish them. Some types of cancer, such as cervical cancer and liver cancer, are triggered by viruses (oncoviruses). Traditional vaccines against those viruses, such as the HPV vaccine and the hepatitis B vaccine, avoid those types of cancer. Other cancers are to some point caused by bacterial infections (e.g. stomach cancer and Helicobacter pylori). Traditional vaccines against cancer-causing bacteria (oncobacteria) are not further discussed in this article.